Summary:

Summary: CYP3A5 *1*3 itself had no association with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and only a weak association was detected for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (*1/*1 vs *3/*3, P¼0.038), which was strengthened after adjustment with age and body mass index (*1/*1 vs*3/*3, P¼0.007; *1/*1 vs*1/*3, P¼0.045).

Summary: The data from the study suggests that the functional polymorphism -174C/G at the IL6 locus determines differences in both fasting and postprandial TG metabolism. Those individuals carrying the minor G allele are prone to display pro-atherogenic fasting and postprandial lipid phenotypes.

Summary: The C allele of the -174G/C IL-6 gene polymorphism was more frequently observed (P=0·032) in subjects with successful weight maintenance (<10 % weight regain).Moreover, the presence of the Ala allele of the PPARG-2 together with the C allele strengthens this protection. The �ndings support a role for these polymorphisms on weight regulation and suggest a synergetic effect of both variants on weight maintenance after following a diet to lose weight.

Summary: Zinc score was different among most of the European centres (P<.001), while an age-dependent decline was documented(P=4.4×10−12). Plasma zinc concentrations were significantly correlated with the zinc score (standardized β=0.144, P=8.8×10−5). The minor allele frequency for the −174G/C polymorphism was f(C) 0.31. There was a significant interaction of zinc diet score and GG (−174G/C) genotype on higher plasma IL-6 levels (β±S.E.=0.014±0.0, P=.008).

Summary: Minor allele frequency (C) was 0.39. At baseline, the CC genotype was associated with higher measures of adiposity. After 3 years, a significant interaction (p50.028) was found between the polymorphism (GG+GC versus CC) and the nutritional intervention: CC subjects following the MD+VOO had the lowest body weight gain.

Summary: Polyunsaturated Fats intake was inversely associated with HDL cholesterol in carriers of the minor allele, but not in those with the major type A stronge gene- diet interaction was observed when the polymorphisms at the 2 positions (-238/-308) were combined (P= 0.0003). Similar effects were observed for apolipoprotein A-I, but not with other dietary fatty acids and serum lipids.

Summary: When the subjects were stratified by IL6R genotype, an association between WC and dietary energy intake level was found in the TT + GT–type subjects ( P for linear regression = .048), but not in GG subjects (P for linear regression = .555). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the interaction of IL6R (GG vs TT + GT) genotypes and dietary energy intake levels affected risk for abdominal obesity ( P for interaction = .030).

Summary: The genotype and allele frequencies were signifcantly different between groups,with the G-2548 allele being more frequent in the overweight subjects (p<0.01). In men, carriers of this allele had lower leptin concentrations adjusted for fat mass (p=0.05).

Summary: Two months of caloric restriction with these diets significantly reduced BMI, weight, waist circumference, fat mass, systolic and diastolic blood pressures in obese patients. The study shows that carriers of the Thr54-containing protein have a different response than wild-type obese. Both diets decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin levels in the wild-type obese without statistical differences in carriers of the Thr54-containing protein. Glucose levels decreased with a low carbohydrate diet, too. Changes in serum leptin concentrations secondary to intervention were higher with low-fat diet than low-carbohydrate diet.