Summary: The observed increase in BMI across FTO genotypes was restricted to those who reported a high-fat diet, with a mean BMI of 25.3 (95% CI: 24.9, 25.6) among TT carriers and of 26.3 (95% CI: 25.8, 26.8) among AA carriers (P = 0.0001). The FTO variant was not associated with a higher BMI among subjects with lower fat intakes (BMI = 25.7 and 25.9 in TT carriers and AA carriers, respectively; P = 0.42). Among individuals with a low-carbohydrate intake,The study has observed a mean BMI of 25.4 for TT carriers and of 26.8 for AA carriers. The increase in BMI across genotypes was mainly restricted to individuals who reported low leisure-time physical activity (P for trend = 0.004, P for interaction = 0.05).

Summary: Homozygous subjects had the highest baseline body weight. The dominant model showed that subjects carrying the A allele had the lowest body weight gain (B=- 0.685; P=0.022) after 3 years of nutritional intervention compared with nonmutated subjects (TT genotype) regardless of the nutritional intervention. Moreover, this effect was statistically significant in carriers of the A allele only among those allocated to the MD groups (B= -0.830; P=0.018), but it was not significant among those allocated to the control group (P for interaction=0.649).

Summary: The results of the study suggest an association between human NR1H3 gene variations and plasma cholesterol concentrations in the presence of a diet rich in cholesterol.

Summary: MAF: A-0.34; major allele homozygotes: 10.0+/-0.4; heterozygotes: 9.5+/-0.4; major allele homozygotes: 12.7+/-0.7; p-value: 0.003

Summary: ACSL1 rs9997745 influences MetS risk, most likely via disturbances in fatty acid metabolism, which was modulated by dietary fat consumption. GG genotype had increased MetS risk (OR 1.90) compared with the A allele. The risk conferred by GG homozygosity was abolished among those subjects consuming either a low-fat or a high-Polyunsaturated Fats diet.

Summary: It was observed that common genetic variants at the C3 locus were associated with risk of MetS and its phenotypes, including dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and insulin sensitivity. Plasma PUFA composition and status appeared to modulate these genetic influences. Whereas plasma fatty acid composition reflects the combination of dietary fat consumption and endogenous de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, such gene-nutrient interactions suggest that dietary fat may modify genetic susceptibility to MetS, which warrants further investigation

Summary: MAF: A-0.14; major allele homozygotes: 6.02+/-0.04; p-value: 0.0018

Summary: Genotype × supplementation interaction effects on plasma TG levels were observed for rs17129561 in GPAM (p<0.05).

Summary: TT genotype of the +276G/T polymorphism was linked to the highest 3-year body weight gain in men. Both Mediterranean diets appeared to reverse this effect (p for interaction = 0.053).

Summary: Similar associations were observed with the C allele of rs1477196, the second most significant SNP in the OOA. In the OOA, each risk allele for rs1477196 was associated with a mean (SD) increase in BMI of 0.84 (0.25) (P <.001).

Summary: The SNP rs1838452 was found to be associated with plasma TG levels during intervention. Moreover, SNPs influenced plasma TG levels independently of the supplementation. In the study,SNP of AGPAT3 (rs2838452) explained the variance in plasma TG levels.

Summary: The independent effects of the supplementation, genotypes of selected SNPs with the genes involved in TG synthesis pathway and the genotype × supplementation interaction on plasma TG levels were tested.

Summary: Major GG homozygotes for rs2293152 had increased risk of abdominal obesity compared with noncarriers.

Summary: The SNP was significantly associated, alone or in interaction with fat intake, with abdominal fat (abdominal total fat: ATF, p SNP = 0.006, p interaction = 0.009; and abdominal visceral fat: AVF, p SNP =0.007, p interaction = 0.01).

Summary: No difference was found in initial total cholesterol between subjects with the G/G mutation and the G/A mutation genotypes. After consumption of the high monounsaturated fat diet, significant increases were noted in plasma LDL cholesterol in the G/A subjects but not in the G/G subjects.

Summary: MAF: A-0.49; major allele homozygotes: 10.7+/-0.5; heterozygotes:10.5+/-0.3; major allele homozygotes: 8.7+/-0.5; p-value: 0.0067

Summary: FASN rs4246444 was associated with LDL-PPD, but only when fat intake was taken into account (p = 0.001). High and low lipid consumers were defined using a cutoff of 35% of dietary fat intake. Carriers of the variant allele showed smaller LDL-PPD only when consuming a high amount of fat. This association remained significant after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index and plasma triglyceride levels.

Summary: MAF: A-0.33; major allele homozygotes: 5.90+/-0.04; heterozygotes: 6.10+/-0.06; major allele homozygotes: 5.73+/-0.10; p-value: 0.0029

Summary: MAF: A-0.40; major allele homozygotes: 9.1+/-0.4; heterozygotes:10.5+/-0.3; major allele homozygotes: 11.4+/-0.6; p-value: 0.0023

Summary: Homozygous individuals of the rare T-allele showed a 100% greater risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus if daily fat intake was increased from 30 to 40 % energy. An increase in dietary SFA from 10 to 20 % energy predicted an ~200% greater risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: In a gene-only disease-association model with adjustments for age, sex and BMI, the CAV2 SNP was not associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus risk. In the genotype-specific nutrient association analysis, increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in homozygous carriers of the major was found, if consumption of fat was increased by 1%. An increase in dietary SFA proportion from 10 to 20% energy from SFA predicts an ~200% greater Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus risk.

Summary: The variant rs2250656 AA homozygotes had increased MetS risk relative to minor G allele carriers, which was exacerbated by low n–6 Polyunsaturated Fats status.

Summary: MAF: G-0.46; major allele homozygotes: 10.2+/-0.4; heterozygotes:10.7+/-0.3; major allele homozygotes: 8.7+/-0.5; p-value: 0.0059

Summary: The quantitative trait analysis showed a statistical association between SNP rs174575 alleles and perinatal and postpartum depression (PPD) risk at both 36 weeks’ gestation and 6 months postpartum. With the major allele C as the reference allele, the G allele of rs174575 was inversely associated with PPD risk at 36 weeks’ gestation (p = 0.0437) and 6 months postpartum (p = 0.051)

Summary: rs1501299 x fibre interaction was significantly associated with adiponectin levels; in specific, GG homozygotes exhibited higher adiponectin levels compared to T carriers under conditions of lower fibre intake.

Summary: HDL concentrations were significantly higher in men with the B2B2 or B1B2 genotype than in those with the B1B1 genotype (adjusted mean SE: 37.9+/-0.02, 40.3+/-0.01, and 42.6+/-0.02 mg/dL for B1B1,B1B2, and B2B2, respectively; P for trend=0.0004).This inverse association of the B1 allele with plasma HDL concentrations existed for those with a high consumption of animal fat (P for interaction=0.02), saturated fat (P for interaction=0.02),and monounsaturated fat (P for interaction=0.04).

Summary: The levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I in nondrinkers were higher in B2B2 genotype than in B1B1 genotype (P=.05 for each), whereas triglyceride (TG) levels in drinkers were higher in B1B1 genotype than in B1B2 genotype (P=.05). The levels of TG, HDL-C, Apo A-I in B1B1 genotype, and HDL-C and Apo A-I in B1B2 genotype were higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers (P<.05-.01), whereas the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and Apo B in B2B2 genotype, and the levels of LDL-C in B1B1 genotype were lower in drinkers than in nondrinkers (P<.05-.01). The levels of HDL-C were positively correlated with female sex and genotype in nondrinkers (P=.001 for each), and were positively associated with age and alcohol consumption in drinkers (P<.005 and<.01, respectively).

Summary: VLDL + LDL cholesterol was associated with dietary polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acids ratio (P < 0.02) and total fat intake (P < 0.05) in the B1B1 homozygotes only and tended to be related to the presence of the apo E4 allele (P < 0.10). In response to diet, VLDL + LDL cholesterol fell (P < 0.05) and HDL cholesterol remained unchanged in 6 B1B1 homozygotes. In contrast, VLDL + LDL cholesterol was unaltered and HDL cholesterol decreased (P < 0.05) in 6 B1B2 heterozygotes (P < 0.05 for difference in change in VLDL + LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio). This difference in response was unrelated to the apo E genotype.

Summary: Participants with intermediate ethanol intake (2nd tertile) had lower risk of CHD than those with low ethanol intake (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50e0.85). The strongest protective association was seen in the CETP TaqIB B2 homozygotes for intermediate vs. low ethanol intake (odds ratio OR ¼ 0.21; 95% CI 0.10e0.44). The interaction between ethanol intake and genotype was statistically significant (p ¼ 0.008), and of similar size in men and women though significant only in men (p ¼ 0.01).

Summary: Despite B2B2 subjects having the highest HDL-C concentrations and B1B1, the lowest (P < 0.001), no protective effect of the B2 allele against CHD incidence was observed. Thus, in comparison with B1B1 subjects, the adjusted CHD risk of B1B2 was OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.80–1.26; P = 0.982, and that of B2B2 was OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.84–1.61; P = 0.374. These results did not change after adjustment for HDL-C. No significant interaction between alcohol consumption and the CETP-TaqIB polymorphism in determining HDL-C was found.

Summary: TCF7L2 rs12573128 alone or in interaction with dietary fat intake, influenced insulin sensitivity (SNP effect and interaction effect, p ^ 0.008) and glucose tolerance (SNP effect p

Summary: The association between the CLOCK-rs4580704 SNP and incidence of T2D and CVD longitudinally analyzed in 7098 PREDIMED trial (ISRCTN35739639) participants after a median 4.8-year follow-up. Modulation by Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention (high in MUFA) on these associations were also examined.

Summary: Homozygote and heterozygote carriers of the major allele i22835A, representing about 96% of the population, had significantly higher mean BMI (31.5 and 31.0 kg/m2, respectively) than non-carriers (28.6 kg/m2). Conversely, homozygotes of the minor allele i22835G were leaner and were 74% less likely to be overweight or obese (OR=0.26, P=0.003) compared to homozygote carriers of the major allele.

Summary: MAF: A-0.46 major allele homozygotes: 3.10+/-0.13; heterozygotes:2.54+/-0.09; minor allele homozygotes: 2.61+/-0.16; p-value: 0.0025

Summary: The genotype CT+TT of the PEMT (rs4646356) variants displayed a significant association with an increased risk of T2DM (OR = 1.52 for CT+TT vs. CC, p = 0.042).

Summary: The risk of MI and CVD conferred by Chromosome 9p21 SNPs appears to be modified by a prudent diet high in raw vegetables and fruits.

Summary: The rs7578326 and rs2943641 polymorphisms in the IRS1 gene interacted with dietary intake in determining IR and metabolic syndrome. G-T carriers had a significantly lower risk of IR and metabolic syndrome when the dietary saturated fatty acid-to-carbohydrate ratio was low.

Summary: A cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) polymorphism interacted with coffee intake on myocardial infarction. Coffee was associated with an increased risk only among individuals with slow caffeine metabolism. For individuals younger than the median age of 59 years, the ORs (95% CIs) associated with consuming less than 1, 1, 2–3, or 4 or more cups of coffee per day were 1.00, 1.24 (0.71–2.18), 1.67 (1.08–2.60), and 2.33 (1.39–3.89), respectively, among carriers of the *1F allele. The corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for those with the *1A/*1A genotype were 1.00, 0.48 (0.26–0.87), 0.57 (0.35–0.95), and 0.83 (0.46–1.51).

Summary: The results of the study suggest an association between human NR1H3 gene variations and plasma cholesterol concentrations in the presence of a diet rich in cholesterol.

Summary: MAF: G-0.48 major allele homozygotes: 0.533+/-0.04; heterozygotes:0.633+/-0.03; minor allele homozygotes: 0.604+/-0.04; p-value: 0.0088

Summary: The prevalence of the variant T/- allele was 48%. Eicosapentaenoic acid, Gamma-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid decreased in adipose tissue and plasma with increasing number of copies of the variant allele with a monotonic trend. The FADS2 deletion was not associated with MI and did not significantly modify the association between adipose tissue alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) and the risk of MI.

Summary: Effects of interaction between n-3 PUFA supplementation and genotype were observed. All associations remained significant after further adjustments for changes in carbohydrate, protein and saturated fat intakes and for changes in PUFA levels in plasma phospholipids.

Summary: Carriers of the minor alleles tended to have reduced levels of fatty acid desaturation products such as GLA, AA and EPA, compared to noncarriers. In contrast, the minor alleles in Asians were associated with both significant increases and decreases in desaturase activity.

Summary: The study contributed to the growing body of evidence that variation in FADS can affect fatty acid metabolism.

Summary: The AA genotype in the FTO gene was positively associated with high fat and low fiber intakes adjusted for gender, BMI, total energy intake, systolic blood pressure, and HbA1c. When gender was taken into account, AA women had higher fat and lower fiber intakes patients with TT and AT Genotypes.

Summary: Investigation was done to check weight loss after the administration of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet compared to a standard hypocaloric diet (1,000 kcal/day). During 9 months, 195 patients were randomly allocated to a high-protein hypocaloric diet (HP diet) and a standard hypocaloric diet (S diet).

Summary: MAF: A-0.09 major allele homozygotes: 0.577+/-0.02; ; p-value: 0.0006

Summary: Significant interactions (P<0.05) were observed for intakes of fat (with rs1467568),vitamin E (with all 3 SIRT1 genetic variants), and calcium and milk (with rs1467568 and haplotype 1). After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, only the interactions between vitaminE intake and rs1467568 and haplotype 1 remained significant (P<0.001).

Summary: MAF: T-0.30 major allele homozygotes: 5.99+/-0.03; heterozygotes:0.607+/-0.03; minor allele homozygotes: 0.550+/-0.07; p-value: 0.0082

Summary: The independent effects of the supplementation, genotypes of selected SNPs with the genes involved in TG synthesis pathway and the genotype × supplementation interaction on plasma TG levels were tested.

Summary: MAF: A-0.12; major allele homozygotes: 5.89+/-0.04; p-value: 0.0022

Summary: Minor G allele carriers for rs744166 had increased risk of abdominal obesity compared with noncarriers.

Summary: When examined according to the 33137A/G, genotype the A allele appeared to be important for significant correlations to occur between the three variables.

Summary: This polymorphism in GHRL modified the effect of total and moderate-to-vigorous PA on change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Summary: Significant gene-diet interaction was found to be associated with the APOA1 G-A polymorphism. In women carriers of the minor allele, higher Polyunsaturated Fats intakes were associated with higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations, whereas the opposite effect was observed in major allele carrier women. This specific population group might benefit from a high-Polyunsaturated Fats diet, which should increase HDL-cholesterol concentrations and thereby reduce CHD risk.

Summary: MAF: G-0.32; major allele homozygotes: 6.07+/-0.06; heterozygotes: 5.90+/-0.06; major allele homozygotes: 5.63+/-0.13; p-value: 0.0035

Summary: The data from the study suggests that the functional polymorphism -174C/G at the IL6 locus determines differences in both fasting and postprandial TG metabolism. Those individuals carrying the minor G allele are prone to display pro-atherogenic fasting and postprandial lipid phenotypes.

Summary: The C allele of the -174G/C IL-6 gene polymorphism was more frequently observed (P=0·032) in subjects with successful weight maintenance (<10 % weight regain).Moreover, the presence of the Ala allele of the PPARG-2 together with the C allele strengthens this protection. The �ndings support a role for these polymorphisms on weight regulation and suggest a synergetic effect of both variants on weight maintenance after following a diet to lose weight.

Summary: Zinc score was different among most of the European centres (P<.001), while an age-dependent decline was documented(P=4.4×10−12). Plasma zinc concentrations were significantly correlated with the zinc score (standardized β=0.144, P=8.8×10−5). The minor allele frequency for the −174G/C polymorphism was f(C) 0.31. There was a significant interaction of zinc diet score and GG (−174G/C) genotype on higher plasma IL-6 levels (β±S.E.=0.014±0.0, P=.008).

Summary: Minor allele frequency (C) was 0.39. At baseline, the CC genotype was associated with higher measures of adiposity. After 3 years, a significant interaction (p50.028) was found between the polymorphism (GG+GC versus CC) and the nutritional intervention: CC subjects following the MD+VOO had the lowest body weight gain.

Summary: Minor allele carrier showed positive association between triglycerides and modern food pattern moreover major allele carrier showed the nonexistent association.

Summary: Effects of interaction between n-3 PUFA supplementation and genotype were observed. All associations remained significant after further adjustments for changes in carbohydrate, protein and saturated fat intakes and for changes in PUFA levels in plasma phospholipids.

Summary: These �ndings suggest that a gene (ODC)-by-diet (polyamine exposure) interaction may influence risk of colorectal adenomas. Although the exact mechanism of this interaction is unknown, it is possible that certain ODC genotypes are able to reset polyamine homeostatic pathways and thereby, affect the polyamine-transport processes.

Summary: Effects of interaction between n-3 PUFA supplementation and genotype were observed. All associations remained significant after further adjustments for changes in carbohydrate, protein and saturated fat intakes and for changes in PUFA levels in plasma phospholipids.

Summary: The A allele of rs2070895 associated with a 0.057 mmol/liter [95%CI 0.039–0.075] increase in fasting serum HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) (P=8*10^-10) supported by association in the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen Detected Diabetes in Primary Care study [0.038 mmol/liter per allele (95% CI 0.024–0.053); P=2*10^-7). The allelic effect on HDL-c was modulated by interaction with self-reported physical activity (Pinteraction=0.002) because vigorous physically active homozygous A-allele carriers had a 0.30 mmol/liter (95% CI 0.22–0.37) increase in HDL-c compared with homozygous G-allele carriers.

Summary: Stratified analyses of rs1861868 revealed its association with BMI to be restricted entirely to those subjects with low sex-and age-adjusted physical activity scores (P <.001); in contrast, the SNP had no effect on those with above-average physical activity scores (P = .29), with the genotype × physical activity interaction achieving statistical significance (P =.01).

Summary: Minor G allele carriers for rs8069645 had increased risk of abdominal obesity compared with noncarriers.

Summary: The T allele was associated with significantly greater HDL-C concentrations only in subjects consuming 30% of energy from fat (P=0.001). The study has found similar gene-nutrient interactions when the outcome variables were HDL-C, large HDL subfraction, or HDL size. These interactions were seen for saturated and MUFA intakes (highly correlated with animal fat in this population), but not for polyunsaturated fats.

Summary: HDL-C concentrations of African American TT homozygotes were highest when percent of energy intake from total fat was high. In both Whites and African Americans, the study also observed a significant interaction between LIPC genotype and saturated fat for TG.

Summary: After adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, fasting status, glycated hemoglobin concentration, physical activity, and body mass index, HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher in men with the C/T or T/T genotype than in those with the C/C genotype (adjusted x̄: 40.9 and 38.8 mg/dL, respectively; P = 0.01). We observed significant LIPC −514 polymorphism × body mass index and LIPC −514 polymorphism × saturated fat intake interactions for HDL-cholesterol concentrations (P = 0.003 for both). The T allele was associated with higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations only in men who were not overweight or who had higher saturated fat intake.

Summary: Subjects with major allele carrier show a lower risk to metabolic syndrome for high calcium intake and, high risk for the same with low calcium intake

Summary: Homozygous subjects for the presence of the Hind III cutting site, H2H2, had significantly higher plasma and VLDL triglyceride and apolipoprotein B concentrations than subjects carrying H1 allele. H2H2 subjects reduced their VLDL-triglyceride and apolipoprotein B concentrations more than H1 carriers, in such a way that differences in lipid levels according to genotypes were no more significant after diet.The magnitude of the decrease in triglycerides was positively correlated with the initial concentration but, among hypertriglyceridemic subjects, H2H2 still had the largest decrease in plasma and VLDL-triglycerides.

Summary: Study shows that carriers of the H1 allele (H1S447 and H1X447 genotypes) present a lower postprandial lipemic response than subjects with the H2 genotype.

Summary: When examined according to the 31118G/A genotype, homozygocity, for the A allele, was necessary for significant correlations to occur.

Summary: Risk of MI was significantly lower in AG/GG subjects than in AA homozygotes (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.99; P = 0.040). The reduced risk of MI was observed primarily in AG/GG subjects who were above the median for intake of dietary omega-6 (n26) Polyunsaturated Fatss (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.87; P-interaction = 0.005).

Summary: LEPR rs3790433 GG homozygotes had increasedMetS risk compared with the minor A allele carriers [odds ratio (OR) = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.05–2.57; P = 0.028], which may be accounted for by their increased risk of elevated insulin concentrations (OR 2.40;95%CI: 1.28–4.50; P = 0.006) and Insulin resistance (OR= 2.15; 95%CI: 1.18–3.90; P = 0.012).Low (less than median) plasma (n-3) and high (n-6) Polyunsaturated Fats status exacerbated the genetic risk conferred by GG homozygosity to hyperinsulinemia (OR 2.92–2.94) and Insulin resistance (OR 3.40–3.47).

Summary: Association with Plasma TG and genotype variant was observed for PUFA supplementation

Summary: Association with Plasma TG and genotype variant was observed for PUFA supplementation

Summary:

Summary: The TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism influences MetS risk, which is augmented by both gender and dietary SFA intake, suggesting novel gene-diet-gender interactions.

Summary: Compared with the PEMT GG genotype, the variant CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (OR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.01–1.67).

Summary: PEMT-744CC genotype attenuated (P<0.049) the decline in plasma phosphatidylcholine although it was predicted to accelerate it and when faced with a metabolic insult that impairs PEMT activity (i.e., folate restriction), persons with the PEMT -744CC genotype may be less affected, compared to those with the -744GG genotype, due to their greater dependency on the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.

Summary: The SNP rs746731 was found to be associated with plasma TG levels during intervention.

Summary: The results suggest that MedDiet enhances the triglyceride-lowering effect of the MLXIPL-rs3812316 variant and strengthens its protective effect on myocardial infarction incidence.

Summary: For the 25444G/A SNP, homozygosity, for the G allele, was necessary for correlations to occur between the variables. HDL cholesterol concentrations were significantly raised by fish oil supplementation in subjects with 25444GG genotypes.

Summary: Effects of interaction between n-3 PUFA supplementation and genotype were observed. All associations remained significant after further adjustments for changes in carbohydrate, protein and saturated fat intakes and for changes in PUFA levels in plasma phospholipids.

Summary: Subjects with major allele carrier show a lower risk to metabolic syndrome for high calcium intake and, high risk for the same with low calcium intake

Summary: The minor A-allele at the PLIN 11482G/A polymorphism was associated with lower baseline Body Weight. Moreover, the study has found a gene-diet interaction (P = 0.015) between this polymorphism and weight loss in patients that completed the 1-yr dietary treatment. Diet resulted in significant decreases in BW (from 114.3 +/- 3.9 kg at baseline to 105.5 +/- 3.5 kg at 1 yr; P lineal trend, 0.020) in GG patients (n = 33). Conversely, carriers of the minor A allele (n = 15) did not show significant changes in BW (from 105.0 +/- 4.6 kg at baseline to 104.3 +/- 4.4 kg at 1 yr; P lineal trend, 0.985). This gene-diet interaction remained statistically significant, even after adjustment for differences in BW at baseline and for other potential confounders.

Summary: Obesity measures (waist and hip circumference, BMI) did not differ between GG subjects and carriers of the A allele (GA and AA). When complex carbohydrate intake was <144 g/d, waist circumference was larger in PLIN 11482G / A carriers (P = 0.024). Conversely, when complex carbohydrate intake was ≥144 g/d, waist and hip circumferences were less in PLIN 11482G / A carriers (P < 0.05). These interactions were not found for simple sugars or total carbohydrates.

Summary: For the carriers on minor allele insulin resistance was obeserved for the intake of saturated fat and carbohydrate

Summary: In women, they found statistically significant gene-diet interactions between PLIN 11482G→A/14995A→T polymorphisms and saturated fatty acids and carbohydrate in determining HOMA-IR. These interactions were in opposite directions and were more significant for 11482G→A. Thus, women in the highest SFA tertile had higher HOMA-IR than women in the lowest only if they were homozygotes for the PLIN minor allele.

Summary: High concentrations of adipose tissue ALA were associated with lower Prevalence Ratios of the metabolic syndrome compared with low ALA (0.81; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.00, for the comparison between the highest and the lowest quintiles; P for trend , 0.02). Higher concentrations of adipose tissue ALA were associated with a lower PR among homozygote (0.67; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.86) and heterozygote (0.84; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.99) carriers of the FADS2 T allele, but not among homozygote carriers of the deletion variant allele (0.99; 95% CI: 0.78, 1.27; P for interaction: 0.08).

Summary: The p-value for association was substantially improved by inclusion of environmental covariates: SNP rs2000999 (pSE,unadjusted =1.1*10^-23, pSE,adjusted = 3.8*10^-24, pNS,unadjusted = 0.035) in the HP gene (Haptoglobin-related protein precursor). This showed evidence of association with total cholesterol. These results demonstrate that inclusion of important environmental factors in the analysis model can reveal new genetic susceptibility.

Summary: At baseline the Ser482Ser genotype was associated with higher HOMA-IR and insulin concentrations than the other genotypes ( p < 0.05), which was accompanied by an increased higher risk of IR (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 1.24–7.15). After following the LCD, such increased risk of insulin insensitivity in Ser482Ser carriers was toned down ( p / 0.05). This outcome was sustained after 6-month and 1-year of follow-up ( p / 0.05).

Summary: APOA1 was higher in homozygotes for the common allele of i27943 vs heterozygotes for both SNPs. Major allele homozygotes for i27943 (GG) had a lower Area Under Curve of TG than GA and AA subjects. The study did not find any effects of this SNP on small-TRL TGs, total cholesterol, large-TRL chol, small-TRL chol, or HDL.There was lower APOB in GG vs GA at all timepoints (all p<0.05) except at fasting, and hour 11. The ratio of APOA1 to APOB was higher in GG versus GA.

Summary: Subjects with major allele carrier show a lower risk to metabolic syndrome for high calcium intake and, high risk for the same with low calcium intake.

Summary: Subjects homozygous for the major allele displayed lower amounts of accumulated TG from the third hour to the end of the study, compared to CT and TT (all p<0.05). The differences were significant at fasting in CC vs CT. AUC of APOA1 was higher in CC subjects than in CT. The APOA1/APOB ratio was higher in CC versus TC individuals (p=0.008).

Summary: MAF: G-0.23 major allele homozygotes: 0.612+/-0.02; p-value: 0.0049

Summary: The rs1466113 polymorphism in the SSTR2 gene is associated with anthropometric variables (BMI) in the Mediterranean population. Homozygous subjects for the C allele had significantly lower BMI than G-allele carriers.

Summary: The novel gene-nutrient interactions between the ACC2 genotype and dietary fat suggest that genetic predisposition to MetS conferred by ACACB rs4766587 was more evident in individuals with a high habitual dietary fat intake, in particular Polyunsaturated Fats.

Summary: The CETP-TaqIB SNP interacted with alcohol consumption in determining myocardial infarction. Alcohol consumption was associated with lower risk in carriers of the B2 allele.

Summary: For the SNP KCTD10_i5642G/C homozygotes for the major alleles (G) had lower HDL-cholesterol concentrations than did carriers of the minor alleles (P = 0.005). Significant gene-diet interactions for HDL cholesterol were found (P<0.001–0.038), in which GG subjects at SNP KCTD10_i5642G/C.

Summary: The association between to MedDiet leads to a reduction in fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides in TT individuals who have high geneticsusceptibility to increased levels compared with other genotypes. Importantly, in the study it was observed that intervention with a randomly assigned MedDiet reduced the risk of stroke in TT individuals.

Summary: Carriers of the minor T allele at the C/T rs7903146 SNP had higher fasting plasma glucose (P = 0.012), lower homeostasis model assessment of β cell function (P = 0.041), higher plasma VLDL (P = 0.035), and lower large LDL particle (P = 0.007) concentrations and higher risk of MetS (P = 0.011) than CC individuals. Moreover, the study identified significant interactions between this SNP and Polyunsaturated Fats intake modulating fasting VLDL particle concentrations (P = 0.016) and postprandial triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.028), chylomicrons (P = 0.025), total VLDL (P = 0.026), and large VLDL (P = 0.018) concentrations. Thus, only T allele carriers with a Polyunsaturated Fats intake ≥7.36% of energy had elevated fasting plasma VLDL concentrations and postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins. These variables did not differ in T allele carriers and noncarriers in the low-Polyunsaturated Fats intake group.

Summary: Subjects with major allele carrier in homozygous condition show a positive corelation to dietry fat oppositely minor allele carrier show a negative corelation, for heterozygous condition no relatioship was observed.

Summary: SNP in the promoter region of the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene for which 18 of 23 carriers of the C allele in women (78%) developed organ dysfunction when fed a low choline diet (odds ratio 25, P=0.002).

Summary: Carriers of the T allele showed significantly lower postprandial levels of apolipoprotein B (P < 0.01), total TG in plasma (P < 0.05), small TRL-TG (P < 0.04), large TRL-TG (P < 0.04) and small TRL-cholesterol (P < 0.04) when compared to subjects homozygous for the C allele.

Summary: MAF: C-0.41 major allele homozygotes: 2.97+/-0.12; heterozygotes:2.48+/-0.10; minor allele homozygotes: 2.83+/-0.18; p-value: 0.0063

Summary: In the sedentary state, the A/A homozygotes were significantly heavier and fatter than the heterozygotes and the C/C homozygotes in men (p=0.004) but not in women (p=0.331; gene-by-sex interaction p=0.0053). The FTO genotype was associated with body fat responses to regular exercise(p<0.005; adjusted for age, sex, and baseline value of response trait): carriers of the C-allele showed three times greater fat mass and percentage of body fat losses than the A/A homozygotes.

Summary: By dichotomizing screen time into high and low levels, we found significant genotype associated differences in HDL in women but not men. When screen time was ≥2.6 h/day, the concentrations of total HDL-C, large HDL, large LDL were lower, the concentration of small LDL was higher and HDL and LDL particle sizes were smaller in subjects with LIPG i24582 TT compared to CT and CC subjects(P < 0.05).